web3: After Bitcoin BIP-110 enters the forced phase, the fork expands
Cryptonews
1h ago
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After Bitcoin BIP-110 entered the forced signaling phase, a chain fork occurred, but the miner support rate was only 2.53%, with the executed branch significantly lagging behind the main chain.
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比特币提案 BIP-110 已从信号测试进入实际分叉阶段。最新链上进展显示,执行该提案规则的分支出块明显放缓,而大多数矿工仍在继续构建现有比特币主链。

仅获 2.53% 支持

BIP-110 于 8 月 8 日在区块高度 961,632 进入强制信号窗口。此前 2,016 个区块中,只有 51 个发出支持信号,占比 2.53%。

按照提案规则,执行 BIP-110 的节点会拒绝所有未设置 version bit 4 的区块。普通比特币节点则不采用这一限制,因此仍会接受未发出信号的区块,并继续沿原有链前进。

执行分支明显落后

链上监测显示,采用 OCEAN 的 DATUM 系统的矿工 Roughnecks 挖出了 BIP-110 分支上的 961,632 和 961,633 两个区块。此后,该分支长时间未继续推进。

与此同时,比特币主链已继续运行至更高区块高度,双方差距一度扩大到近百个区块。这反映出两条链背后的算力分配差异:BIP-110 分支沿用与主链相同的挖矿难度环境,但实际获得的哈希算力只占很小一部分。

如果没有更多矿工转向该分支,它只能以更慢速度寻找新区块,并在较长时间内维持落后状态。理论上,少数分支并未消失,后续仍可能获得更多算力支持,但目前尚无迹象显示矿工正在大规模切换。

重放风险仍未消除

BIP-110 设有一个自愿支持门槛:若一个难度周期内 2,016 个区块中有 1,109 个发出信号,即达到 55%,提案可提前锁定。但截至区块 961,631,这一周期仅记录到 51 个支持信号,距离门槛相差很大。

这次分叉带来的现实问题之一,是交易可能在两条链上同时有效。开发者 Kevin Loaec 此前提醒,BIP-110 并不会自动把分叉前余额分离开来,因此用户在少数分支上发起的交易,理论上也可能在主链被识别并广播。

目前,这种风险的实际大小还取决于市场、钱包和交易所是否会把少数分支视为可交易资产。就现阶段看,该分支仅挖出少量区块,相关生态尚未形成。

后备代码尚无时间表

部分支持者也在准备矿工持续不配合的情形。开发者 Chris Guida 已在 8 月 1 日更新一套实验性代码,其中包含切换工作量证明算法的相关内容。

不过,这并不意味着新的分叉时间表已经确定。Guida 表示,这些代码只是预备方案,目前没有设定激活期限。因此,工作量证明变更仍只是后备选项,而非已宣布执行的硬分叉安排。

按 BIP-110 设定,强制信号阶段将持续到区块 963,647,最迟在 963,648 进入 LOCKED_IN,并在 965,664 进入 ACTIVE。届时,提案中针对交易数据的限制才会真正生效。

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