web3: SEC Proposes draft new regulations for crypto assets, opens 60 days for public comments
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SEC releases draft new regulations on the supervision of crypto assets, proposes to provide financing exemptions for certain projects, and sets a 60-day public comment period.
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美国证监会(SEC)提出一套面向加密行业的新规草案,重点针对被认定为证券或投资合约的代币。草案设有 60 天公开征求意见期,内容包括融资豁免、信息披露要求,以及代币如何在满足条件后脱离证券属性。

代币证券认定仍沿用现有标准

SEC 在草案中表示,如果投资者购买代币时,主要预期收益来自某个中心化团队的努力,这类代币仍会被视为证券。这一判断延续了美国现行的 Howey 测试思路。

草案同时承认,按传统证券规则执行注册、披露和审计,对不少加密初创项目来说成本较高,实际操作也存在障碍。因此,SEC 提出为部分项目设置有限度的合规豁免窗口。

融资豁免分为两档

根据草案,小型初创项目可在一次性发行中,于四年内融资不超过 500 万美元,并在满足条件的情况下免于适用 1933 年《证券法》的标准注册流程。

较大规模项目的融资上限则为一年内 7500 万美元,但需要接受强制财务审计,并提交更详细的报告。若超出这些时间或额度安排,相关代币将继续适用 SEC 的常规证券监管要求。

  • 小型项目:四年内一次性融资上限 500 万美元
  • 大型项目:一年内融资上限 7500 万美元
  • 超出期限后:继续适用标准证券法要求

去中心化可作为退出路径

草案要求项目团队提供“原则导向”的叙述性披露,用通俗语言说明项目源代码、组织结构、代币经济模型、路线图以及核心团队情况。反欺诈和反市场操纵条款仍将继续适用。

这份草案还提出,若项目实现充分去中心化,相关代币可不再按证券处理。判断标准包括不存在中心化控制、治理独立运行、节点分布足够分散,以及代币价格主要由使用价值驱动,而不是依赖中心化团队营销。

如果这一框架最终落地,联邦层面的规则还可能优先于各州证券要求,减轻项目同时满足州法与联邦法的合规负担。SEC 委员 Hester Peirce 表示,规则应让守法参与者能够遵循,而不必因此放弃正当业务。

补充信息:原文提到,美国监管机构与总统办公室相关人员定于次日举行会议,市场正关注是否会释放更多加密监管信号。

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