web3: Foreign media: Bitcoin may become an alternative to the dilemma of US dollar reserves
Cryptonews
1h ago
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Foreign media commented that Bitcoin could serve as a neutral asset outside of the contradictions in the US dollar reserve system, while stablecoins have expanded the demand for the dollar without resolving this conflict.
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外媒评论认为,围绕美元全球储备货币地位的老问题,正在因稳定币扩张和比特币讨论再度升温。文章借美国副总统 JD Vance 过往言论指出,美元主导地位给美国带来融资便利,也可能持续压制本土制造业竞争力。

争论回到特里芬难题

这篇发表于《福布斯》的评论文章称,问题的核心是“特里芬难题”。当一国货币同时承担国内货币和全球储备货币角色时,国内经济目标与全球流动性供给之间往往会出现冲突。

文章援引 Vance 过往表态称,全球对美元的需求让美国消费者享受更便宜的进口商品,也让美国更容易借债,但强势美元会抬高美国商品在海外市场的价格,削弱出口和制造业表现。

稳定币继续放大美元需求

文章认为,稳定币并没有削弱美元体系,反而把美元需求进一步带入数字市场。按文中引用数据,当前约 97% 的稳定币市场以美元计价,用户即便绕开传统代理银行体系,仍在使用美元。

在美国《GENIUS Act》建立支付型稳定币联邦框架后,合规发行方需持有现金和短期美债等高流动性储备。文章据此指出,稳定币规模扩大,意味着对美国国债的新增需求也可能同步上升。

  • USDC 储备主要配置于短期美债和现金等价物
  • BNY Mellon 负责托管相关储备资产
  • 贝莱德管理 Circle Reserve Fund

文中还提到,Fidelity 与 State Street 已在今年 6 月推出面向稳定币储备的相关产品,显示大型资管机构正围绕这一需求布局。

比特币被提出为中性选项

文章认为,若稳定币只是延伸美元影响力,就无法解决储备货币体系本身的矛盾。作者因此提出,比特币或可被视为一种更中性的储备资产,因为其供应不依赖单一国家的债务、财政政策或贸易平衡。

按这一观点,比特币的发行由协议规则决定,跨境转移也不需要中央银行或主权发行人提供底层负债支持。这使其在理论上不同于美元,也不同于由美债支撑的美元稳定币。

不过,文章同时承认,这一设想距离央行实际操作仍有明显距离。比特币价格波动、托管要求和主权采用范围,都是现实障碍。相比之下,黄金目前仍是更成熟的中性储备资产。

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