web3: Fed Minutes: If inflation remains high or interest rates continue to rise
Coinpaper
5h ago
Ai Focus
The minutes from the Federal Reserve's July meeting indicate that if inflation does not stabilize in its decline, interest rate hikes may continue within the year, and there is still uncertainty regarding the September decision.
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美联储公布的 7 月会议纪要显示,尽管当次会议维持利率不变,但官员内部对后续政策路径的分歧比表面更明显。多名决策者认为,如果通胀不能持续朝 2% 目标回落,年内仍有必要进一步收紧政策。

7月会议维持利率不变

7 月 28 日至 29 日的联邦公开市场委员会会议上,美联储将基准利率维持在 3.50% 至 3.75%。不过,纪要显示,部分官员当时就倾向立即加息,另有不少人认为,若后续通胀压力不减,进一步加息仍应保留。

此次会议共有 3 名有投票权的成员反对按兵不动,主张加息 25 个基点。这也说明,虽然最终决定是维持利率,但委员会内部并未形成一致看法。

通胀仍是政策核心

支持更紧政策的官员认为,价格压力已不再局限于少数领域,通胀范围更广。如果行动过晚,未来可能不得不采取更激进的一连串加息措施。

纪要还提到,虽然多数与会者仍预计通胀会逐步回落,但不少人担心,通胀可能在较长时间内高于目标水平。即便剔除部分能源和关税因素,潜在通胀压力依然偏高。

最新数据让这一判断更复杂。美国 7 月 CPI 放缓至 3.4%,但美联储更关注这一改善能否延续。能源价格和更广泛的供应压力仍被视为后续观察重点。

9月会议仍存变数

劳动力市场也让政策判断更谨慎。招聘放缓和就业数据走弱,意味着过快加息可能加大经济放缓压力。这使美联储仍需在通胀黏性和增长降温之间权衡。

下一次美联储会议定于 9 月 15 日至 16 日举行。市场在纪要公布前后已下调对短期立即加息的押注,但纪要传递的信息是,若通胀回落不稳,更高利率仍是现实选项。

在纪要发布当天,美国财政部宣布将增加长期国债购买,美债收益率此前已明显下行。该变化一度支撑股市和比特币,并对美元形成压力。整体来看,纪要并未给出单一方向,而是保留了继续观望和再次加息两种可能。

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