Ethereum: Ethereum developers warn that Glamsterdam may affect wallets and Gas tools
Cryptonews
1h ago
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The Ethereum Foundation states that the upgrade of Glamsterdam may break the dependency of wallets and Gas estimation tools on a fixed number of 21,000 Gas. Developers are required to complete compatibility tests first on the Plat à berget test networks.
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以太坊基金会提醒,Glamsterdam 升级将改变部分 ETH 转账的 Gas 计费方式,依赖固定 Gas 假设的钱包、索引器和估算工具可能出现兼容性问题。该升级计划于 8 月 20 日先在公开测试网 Platåberget 激活,之后再推进到 Sepolia 和 Hoodi。

21000 Gas 不再通用

这次警告的核心,来自 EIP-8037 对“新状态”引入单独计费维度。按照基金会说明,向已存在账户转入 ETH,基础成本仍是 21000 Gas;但如果收款地址此前不存在,交易还要额外承担创建新账户的状态成本。

这意味着,默认把 21000 Gas 视为所有 ETH 转账上限的软件,升级后可能直接失效。Protocol DevOps 团队点名提到,钱包、索引器和 Gas 估算器都属于受影响范围。

新计费会影响多类应用

基金会表示,Glamsterdam 不只是一次 Gas 重定价更新。升级还会调整单项操作的成本结构,并改变围绕区块 Gas 限额形成的一些既有假设。对应用开发者来说,原先写死交易成本边界的程序需要重新检查。

按此前开发进展,EIP-8037 已接近最终版本。5 月披露的参数显示,新账户创建成本可能升至原来的约 8.5 倍,合约部署成本可能提高约 10 倍。不过,大型合约仍被设计为可部署,以避免对代码体量较大的 DeFi 应用造成直接阻断。

区块生产流程同步调整

Glamsterdam 还将引入协议内 proposer-builder separation,也就是 ePBS。该机制会把区块构建、提议和验证流程更明确地纳入以太坊核心协议,同时加入新的 builder API 流程和负载时效检查。

这部分调整主要影响与区块生产、验证相关的基础设施。基金会因此点名建议独立质押者、分布式验证器项目、自定义软件运营方和大型质押服务商尽快参与测试。

此外,升级还包含 Block-Level Access Lists。基金会称,这套设计会记录执行过程中访问过的状态位置,以及交易后的状态变化,并通过 eth/71 协议在执行层节点之间传递相关数据。

测试网已开放数月窗口

Platåberget 于 8 月 13 日上线,定位是一个可持续运行数月的公开测试网,给开发者留出更长时间排查升级后的异常。基金会称,任何依赖硬编码最大 Gas 限额的工具,都应先在这一环境中完成测试。

目前该测试网已开放验证者和 builder 存款,供外部参与者验证新流程。基金会列出的客户端覆盖 Lighthouse、Prysm、Teku、Geth、Nethermind、Erigon、Reth 等主流实现。

按当前安排,在吸收 Platåberget 的反馈后,以太坊还会在本月继续推进一个用于测试复杂共识场景的开发网络。等开发网络和长期测试网运行稳定后,Glamsterdam 才会进入以太坊主网。

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