nft: Foreign media: The failure of BIP-110 exposes the reality of Bitcoin governance
Cryptonews
1h ago
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Foreign media reports that the BIP-110 fork has quickly stagnated, reflecting the constraints of computing power, nodes, and market consensus in Bitcoin governance.
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8 月 8 日,比特币提案 BIP-110 在区块高度 961,632 触发分叉,但少数链在 8 小时内只挖出两个区块,随后停滞。外媒评论认为,这次失败本身并不意外,更值得关注的是它再次说明,比特币的治理并不是谁先提出方案就能推动落地,而是要同时获得矿工、节点与市场参与者的接受。

支持率远低于门槛

BIP-110 试图限制写入比特币交易中的非金融数据,目标直指 Ordinals 铭文、BRC-20、Runes 以及较大的 Taproot 数据负载。提案设置的激活门槛为一个难度周期内 55% 的区块发出支持信号,即 2,016 个区块中至少 1,109 个支持。

但在强制信号窗口开启后,支持率只有 2.53%,即仅 51 个区块表态支持,远低于门槛。报道提到,约 99.85% 的算力仍留在原链,主网则继续按正常节奏出块,很快将分叉链甩开。

争议集中在中立性

文章称,支持者认为,非金融数据会推高链上存储成本,也会抬高普通用户的交易费用,因此应临时收紧相关数据写入规则。反对者则认为,问题不只在费用,而在于比特币是否应主动筛掉原本有效、且愿意支付手续费的交易。

Strategy 执行董事长 Michael Saylor 公开反对该提案,称其“极其危险”。他的核心观点是,一旦网络开始区分哪些有效交易可以被接受、哪些应被排除,就可能为未来更广泛的交易审查打开空间。Blockstream 联合创始人 Adam Back 也站在反对一方。

外媒认为,这场争论最后并未进入长期拉锯,原因在于矿工的经济利益与治理判断基本一致。Ordinals 和 Runes 交易能够带来手续费收入,在高峰期还曾显著推高矿工收益。在这种情况下,主流矿池没有动力支持一项会压缩相关收入的提案。

缺少重放保护放大风险

报道还指出,BIP-110 没有加入重放保护。这意味着,一笔在其中一条链上有效的交易,理论上也可能在另一条链上被重复执行,导致用户出现非预期转账。

虽然分叉链很快停滞,风险窗口并不长,但外媒认为,这仍暴露出提案设计上的明显缺口。相比之下,历史上的 Bitcoin Cash 分叉从一开始就加入了重放保护,以降低链分裂后的误操作风险。

文章最后称,BIP-110 支持者已讨论恢复少数链挖矿,甚至考虑更换工作量证明算法,以绕开拒绝提案的矿工。如果走到这一步,新链将更接近一条独立加密货币,而不再是对比特币主网规则的有限修订。外媒据此认为,这次事件再次说明,单靠少数派推动,难以改变比特币的共识规则。

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