According to CoinMeta and research by Chaoxiang, a Citibank research report dated July 31st showed that the four major cloud service providers generated a combined revenue of 103.8 billion US dollars in the second quarter, representing a year-on-year increase of 50%. Among them, Microsoft’s revenue increased by 43%, Amazon’s by 37%, Google Cloud by 82%, and Oracle’s by 92%. Microsoft held a 41% market share, while Google Cloud’s share rose to 24%. Microsoft’s annualized business revenue reached 25 billion US dollars, up from 15 billion US dollars in the first quarter. The capital expenditure of these four major cloud providers increased by approximately 20 billion US dollars quarter-over-quarter. Their profit margins were 39.4% for Microsoft and 35.6% for Google Cloud. The total revenue for these companies reached 496 billion US dollars, with Google Cloud's revenue at 514 billion US dollars. Citibank maintains a ‘buy’ rating for Microsoft, Amazon, Google, and Oracle, with target prices of 600 US dollars, 350 US dollars, 447 US dollars, and 330 US dollars respectively.